Type-rating A320

1. Prerequisites

• License: CPL(A)/ATPL(A) with valid IR endorsement and completed MCC.
• Minimum experience: Typically, 70 hours as PIC (Pilot in Command).
• Medical certificate: Valid Class 1.
• ICAO English level: Minimum Level 4.

2. Ground School (Theoretical Phase)

Duration: 240 hours, including 180 hours of theoretical core instruction and 60 hours of classroom teaching focused on aircraft systems and procedures.

Objectives:

• Provide in-depth knowledge of the A320, which is based on a fly-by-wire philosophy and a highly automated interface (EFIS + sidestick).
• Main topics covered:
• Fly-by-wire architecture and flight control laws (Normal, Alternate, Direct Law).
• MCDU, FMGS, FMS (Flight Management Systems).
• Aircraft systems: electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, fuel, avionics.
• Airbus philosophy: automation control, system monitoring, including the dark cockpit concept.
• Normal and emergency procedures.
• Reading and use of QRH, FCOM, MEL, SOP
• ECAM discipline
• Aircraft performance and weight & balance.
• Flight deck management and Cockpit Resource Management (CRM).
• Auto thrust system and its differences from Boeing-style auto-throttle.

3. Five Additional CBT + FBS Missions (Computer-Based Training + Fixed Base Simulator)

• Multimedia sessions on aircraft systems.
• Procedural training in a fixed-base (non-motion) simulator.
• Introduction to Airbus cockpit flows and standard operating procedures (SOPs).
• Initial training in automation management and crew interaction.

4. FFS – Full Flight Simulator

Duration: Typically, 40 hours, divided into 10 sessions: 9 training sessions, 1 checkride (usually flown in pairs, alternating PF/PM roles).

Objectives and content:

• Full application of standard operating procedures (SOPs).
• Handling of normal, abnormal, and emergency scenarios.
• Practice of key maneuvers: takeoffs, landings, go-arounds, rejected takeoffs.
• Engine failure during takeoff (V1 cut), TCAS RA, smoke and fire procedures, decompression, and more
• Low visibility operations (CAT II/III), windshear, crosswind techniques.
• Advanced CRM: decision making, workload management, communication.
• LOFT (Line-Oriented Flight Training): realistic line scenarios simulating airline operations.

5. Skill Test (Proficiency Check)

• Final evaluation by a certified Type Rating Examiner (TRE).
• Assessment of both technical and non-technical skills (CRM, situational awareness, systems management).

Successful completion leads to official issuance of the Airbus A320 Type Rating on the pilot’s license.

6. Base Training (if required)

• 6 takeoff and landing circuits performed on a real A320 aircraft.
• Required for pilots without prior jet time or without Zero Flight Time Training (ZFTT) approval.
• In some cases, can be replaced by ZFTT when integrated with an airline’s approved training program.

7. Final Documentation

The ATO (Approved Training Organization) submits all relevant training records and test results.

The type rating is validated and added to the pilot’s license by the competent aviation authority (e.g., EASA, ENAC).

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